Implementation Manager (IM) Specialist CHTS Practice Test

Which condition is characterized by the destruction of lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties?

1. Asthma

2. Emphysema

3. Bronchitis

4. Pneumonia

The correct answer is: Emphysema

Emphysema is the condition characterized by the destruction of lung tissue, which specifically affects the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. In emphysema, the walls of the alveoli are damaged, leading to a reduction in surface area for oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide removal. This damage causes breathing difficulties, as it impairs the lungs' ability to expand and contract effectively. Individuals suffering from emphysema experience shortness of breath, especially during physical activity, and may have chronic cough and wheezing. The progression of the disease often leads to an increased effort required to breathe, further contributing to respiratory distress. Emphysema is commonly associated with long-term exposure to irritants, particularly cigarette smoke, which exacerbates the destruction of lung tissue. Other conditions listed also impact respiratory health, but they do so in different ways. Asthma involves inflammation and narrowing of the airways, bronchitis is characterized by inflammation of the bronchial tubes typically due to infection or irritants, and pneumonia results from infection leading to inflammation in the lung tissues. While all these conditions can influence breathing, it is emphysema that distinctly describes the destruction of lung tissue tied to breathing difficulties.